控制策略对无轴承开关磁阻电机

分析了无轴承开关磁阻电机(BSRM)的3种负载控制策略(方波控制策略、最小磁势控制策略和平均悬浮力控制策略),以及每种策略下由悬浮力方程和转矩方程求解超前角和绕组电流的方法。由于控制对象和求解过程所引入约束条件的不同,即便相同负载状况时,3种控制策略求取的超前角和绕组电流结果也不同。利用瞬态有限元法获得了电机的动态磁密分布,并研究了3种控制策略下电机分别表现出的磁场特性。通过双频法分离铁损,分别计算了3种控制策略在不同转速时的电机涡流损耗和磁滞损耗,给出了电机铁心各部分损耗随转速变化的关系,由此得到了3种控制策略对铁心损耗的影响。     

Magnetosphere response to the 2005 and 2006 extreme solar events as observed by the Cluster and Double Star spacecraft

The four identical Cluster spacecraft, launched in 2000, orbit the Earth in a tetrahedral configuration and on a highly eccentric polar orbit (4–19.6 R_E). This allows the crossing of critical layers that develop as a result of the interaction between the solar wind and the Earth’s magnetosphere. Since 2004 the Chinese Double Star TC-1 and TC-2 spacecraft, whose payload comprise also backup models of instruments developed by European scientists for Cluster, provided two additional points of measurement, on a larger scale: the Cluster and Double Star orbits are such that the spacecraft are almost in the same meridian, allowing conjugate studies. The Cluster and Double Star observations during the 2005 and 2006 extreme solar events are presented, showing uncommon plasma parameters values in the near-Earth solar wind and in the magnetosheath. These include solar wind velocities up to ∼900 km s⁻¹ during an ICME shock arrival, accompanied by a sudden increase in the density by a factor of ∼5 and followed by an enrichment in He⁺⁺ in the secondary front of the ICME. In the magnetosheath ion density values as high as 130 cm⁻³ were observed, and the plasma flow velocity there reached values even higher than the typical solar wind velocity. These resulted in unusual dayside magnetosphere compression, detection of penetrating high-energy particles in the magnetotail, and ring current development following several successive injections of energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere, which “washed out” the previously formed nose-like ion structures.     

基于鲁棒控制的光纤电流互感器的噪声抑制

光纤电流互感器是一类存在模型参数不确定性的系统,为提高系统测量精度,利用鲁棒控制理论提出了系统的鲁棒H_∞控制器设计方案.分析系统的检测原理并建立数学模型.针对光纤电流互感器系统给出控制器设计指标,使得闭环系统渐近稳定且提高系统噪声抑制能力.理论证明控制器设计方案满足设计指标的要求,并利用线性矩阵不等式的可行解给出了控制器的构造方法.最后通过计算机仿真和实验结果证明了此控制器设计方案的可行性和有效性.     

平流层飞艇动力推进系统的分析与设计

针对平流层飞艇螺旋桨与直流无刷(DC)电动机匹配问题,建立了直流无刷电动机模型和螺旋桨模型;结合匹配设计和直流无刷电动机转速控制,在Simulink中设计了螺旋桨与直流无刷电动机控制系统仿真模型,研究飞艇在0~10m/s巡航速度下动力推进系统控制响应问题;采用图形用户界面(GUI)编写螺旋桨与直流无刷电动机匹配界面,开发了一种螺旋桨与直流无刷电动机匹配软件;得到了飞艇在0~10m/s巡航速度下,螺旋桨工作转速为535~1071r/min,动力推进系统工作效率为0.558~0.593时推进系统匹配设计的工作曲线,为高空螺旋桨与电动机的匹配设计提供了参考依据.      

基于BP神经网络的高精度陀螺恒流源补偿方法

为了提高陀螺恒流源精度,提出一种基于BP神经网络的陀螺恒流源补偿方法.采用BP神经网络训练恒流源控制指令与恒流源输出之间的非线性映射稳态模型,以实时估计恒流源输出偏差.设计恒流源控制指令补偿判据,当输出偏差超出设定裕度时,按比例对恒流源控制指令值进行实时补偿,使得恒流源输出更接近控制目标值,以实现更优的精度.通过实物在回路仿真验证了上述方案的有效性,并通过与传统对控制指令进行分段线性标定方法相比较,显示了上述方案的恒流控制优势.     

基于改进控制策略与动态无功支撑相结合的高电压穿越方法研究

针对双馈风力发电机高电压穿越问题,利用Laplace变换对电网电压骤升时电磁暂态过渡过程进行分析,得出定子电流不仅含有直流分量,还包含有工频交流成分,并通过仿真频谱验证了理论分析的正确性。不同于常规研究中只在转子电压方程考虑定子磁链的动态变化,而忽略了其对功率外环的影响,分析了定子磁链动态变化对有功、无功解耦的影响,在此基础上对功率外环进行传统矢量控制策略的改进。此外,考虑并网规范对机组无功电流支撑的要求,控制换流器输出与电网电压骤升幅度相匹配的无功电流,帮助故障电网快速恢复。仿真结果表明,该方案不仅能够保证电网电压骤升时双馈机组不脱网运行,而且也满足并网规范对机组无功电流输出的要求,实现高电压穿越。     

Digital fixed-frequency hysteresis current control of a BLDC motor applied for aerospace electrically powered actuators

In the conventional cascade control structure of aerospace electrically powered actuators, the current (or electromagnetic torque) loop plays a critical role in realizing a rapid response for a digitally controlled BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) is an effective method in improving the performance of current control for a BLDC motor. Nevertheless, the varying modulating frequency in the traditional HCC causes severe problems on the safety of power devices and the electromagnetic compatibility design. A triangular carrier-based fixed-frequency HCC strategy is expanded by relaxing the constraints on the rising and descending rates of the winding current to advance the capability of HCC to realize fixed-frequency modulation in the steady state. Based on that, a new flexible-bound-size quasi-fixed-frequency HCC is proposed, and the range feasible to realize fixed-frequency modulation control can cover the entire running process in the steady state. Meanwhile, a corresponding digital control strategy is designed, and four digitalization rules are proposed to extend the capacity to achieve fixed-frequency modulation control to the unsteady working state, that is, a novel fixed-frequency modulation is realized. Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness of this improved fixed-frequency HCC strategy.     

150kV逆变电源性能优化及其束源特性

为了进一步提高电子束流发生系统工作的可靠性和稳定性,提高电子束加工质量,采用AC-DC-AC-DC-AC-DC的拓扑电路、新型功率变压器、高压脉冲检测技术、优化的束流反馈控制与灯丝加热电流闭环反馈控制技术等,分别优化了高压加速电源、偏压电源与灯丝加热电源。将所研制逆变电源与150 k V/30 k W电子枪、真空系统等组成了一套电子束流发生系统,测试了该电子束流发生系统输出的高压、最大束流以及灯丝加热电流、偏压变化对束流输出的影响。试验结果表明:经过优化的逆变电源高压输出达到-150 k V,高压输出线性度较好,最大束流达到200 m A;高压、灯丝加热电流给定时,随着偏压降低,束流输出逐渐增大;高压、偏压给定时,随着灯丝加热电流增大,束流输出存在死区、线性增大区和恒流区。     

磁轴承PWM开关功放电流实时降噪

针对传统低通滤波器在脉冲宽度调制(PWM, Pulse Width Modulation)开关功放电流降噪过程中存在去噪效果与系统带宽难以兼顾的问题,提出了一种基于提升小波变换的功放电流实时降噪法.首先基于dB4提升小波算法,采用滑动数据窗、对称边界拓展和阈值法强制降噪等相结合的方案实现对功放电流的实时降噪.然后根据不同小波分解层数对系统截止频率的影响,确定合适的小波分解层数.实验证明,提升小波实时降噪算法既可以有效地滤除功放电流噪声,又对系统带宽和相角滞后影响较小,非常适用于对实时性和信噪比都有较高要求的磁悬浮高速转子系统.      

飞机发动机叶片缺陷的差激励涡流传感器检测

针对某型号飞机发动机涡轮叶片上预制的微裂纹缺陷进行了检测研究.基于涡流检测技术设计并研制了一种尺寸小、灵敏度高的差激励探头,应用有限元分析软件开展了叶片微裂纹缺陷仿真分析.为了实现叶片的自动高效检测,设计并采用数控多自由度扫查台来控制采集过程,实现了对叶片表面裂纹缺陷的快速扫查检测.采集信号经过信号调理电路,A/D转换后输入计算机,完成信号的保存、处理和输出.通过对比实验结果与仿真结果发现,研制的差激励式涡流传感器可以有效地实现对叶片类零件表面微裂纹位置的判定,对涡轮叶片类零件微缺陷早期诊断评估具有一定的现实和借鉴意义.